These questions are answered by Joanne Kaminski, a certified reading specialist and founder of The Online Reading Tutor. Joanne has helped struggling readers close reading gaps using the Science of Reading and structured literacy instruction. She has worked with students who struggle with phonics, fluency, comprehension, and dyslexia, helping families understand how reading development works and what steps can help children become confident readers.

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The answers below are based on Joanne’s experience working directly with students and families through both online and in-person tutoring.